By Supreet
Manchanda
•
September 20,
2022
Preamble Raiven Capital
is a global early-stage
technology venture
capital fund that
believes in the power of
innovation. The fund
seeks to strengthen the
ecosystems that it
invests in, building
bridges and contributing
to thought leadership in
venture capital. The
goal is to foster
innovation and provide
insight to founders
across the world,
contributing to their
operational playbooks.
This whitepaper
summarizes findings from
Raiven’s inaugural
research project. In a
world where the future
of work is already here,
we wanted to provide
deeper insights into the
changing work world. In
addition, how do we
understand and
operationalize insights
from across the
literature?
Raiven’s larger
goal is to take a deeper
look at how to support
tech companies and
navigate the landscape
of remote work in a more
nuanced way. Abstract
The current state of
business and
organizational
literature looks at the
future of work and
addresses best practices
in hybrid and remote
work, the changing
workplace culture and
the leadership required
to lead in this
complexity. Five
startups participated in
a two-hour scenario and
transcripts of the
sessions were analyzed
according to established
qualitative
methodologies. The timed
scenario involved a
challenging situation a
tech company would
normally face. Partway
through the scenario a
change that increased
the stress/urgency of
the situation was
introduced. Once the
scenario was completed,
the teams were each
invited to debrief. A
new theme that emerged
from the research: an
organization that
creates a culture map
for the whole team that
lives within it and is
based on a high
emotional intelligence,
is able to navigate the
stressors of a remote
work environment with
more clarity, innovation
and ease. In addition,
the clearer the map for
external relationships,
the clearer the strategy
is to address challenges
that arise due to client
needs. Companies that
had a clear internal and
external relationship
map had better success.
The tools bridged the
gap of remote work to
create better cohesion
and symmetry within
teams. Culture maps
(internal) and
relationship maps
(external) became the
“glue” that
helped remote teams
generate trust,
communicate effectively,
and work more
efficiently and
innovatively within
teams. Background The
future of work is a
topic often addressed in
business and tech
literature. Discussion
includes many trends and
“how to”
guides. Much of it
focuses on a
post-pandemic
phenomenon: “The
Great Resignation”
which includes the 40%
of tech workers that
have left or planned to
quit (Deczynski, 2021).
The pandemic reinforced
individuals’
beliefs – that
their life had value and
mattered. Work was not
just a place to be. Now,
employees want money,
benefits, flexibility
not just in days, but in
how they spend their
hours. They want a
workplace that fosters
creativity and
collaboration, and
offers a healthy
workplace culture
(Deczynski, 2021, Downs,
2021). People quit
six-figure jobs to
prioritize mental health
and travel. They also
began searching for
fulfilling, flexible
careers. The cult of
being busy is no longer
acceptable. People want
life-work integration
(Groff, 2021, Fox,
2021). Even the four-day
work week is
passé. The
broader question: What
does the organization
need to actually
“work?” How
does it collaborate,
meet individual
differences and needs,
foster productivity and
happiness (Collin, 2021,
Weikle, 2021)? How do
leaders and
organizations respond to
navigate the complexity?
The current literature
falls into three main
categories: hybridized
or remote work,
workplace culture, and
leadership. Hybridized
or Remote Work The
literature reinforces
that remote, or
asynchronous
environments can work,
but what is critical is
creating a culture that
values it. Remote work
will remain and account
for 48% of the workforce
by 2030 (Bleimschien,
2021). Communication is
key. Team members must
learn to navigate and
communicate effectively
across time zones and
cultures. Collaboration
styles may differ.
Private communication is
not helpful most of the
time.Transparent work
where others can see
one’s work and
pick up where others
left off make most
meetings unnecessary. If
there are meetings, who
attends? Are there
minutes for review?
Agreed upon deliverables
provide measurable
results (Tucker, 2021).
Meetings should be in
response to specific
milestones; this fosters
productivity (Carr,
2021). Each participant
should have clear
engagement and
understand how to engage
in advance of the
meeting so that meetings
are productive, and have
full participation and
buy-in (Steen, 2021).
Note: a seamless flow of
information between
teams and immediate
access to information
and use of all
technology is required
for full participation
(Bleimschein, 2021).
Does remote work
“work”?
According to the
research, it is built
for cooperation not
collaboration (Ramesh,
2021). Others argue that
short-term productivity
goes up, but long-term
creativity goes down
because there is a
damper on collaboration
and innovation.
Real-time conversations
and corridor chat are
not often replicated in
the virtual world
(Stillman, 2021).
Mentorship and
developing new
friendships become more
difficult (Glasser,
Cutler, 2021). Unplanned
“collision
conversations” are
needed. These types of
conversations are
exciting, full of
brainstorming and
innovations (Glasser,
Cutler, 2021). The
literature states:
“Workers want to
work with people they
like and in systems that
engage them for the
money they think
they’re worth. A
virtual experience that
fails to deliver
professional fellowship
and intriguing
challenge, will cause a
worker to feel
unconnected from their
work.” Intentional
collaboration is key
(Carr, 2021). People
need to make sense of
things with one another.
Humanizing experiences
engender belonging and
trust (Hobson,2021).
Employee experience is
just as important and
can include virtual
water cooler and
townhall discussions, as
well as socializing
instead of agenda-based
meetings (Hobson, 2021).
Building a hybridized
and remote work
environment is not a
one-size-fits-all. It is
important to understand
what models enable the
best workflows, despite
the history of the
organization. Workplace
Culture Workplace
culture consists of
tacit agreements about
values, ethics and
operations that shape
the attitudes and
behaviors within an
organization. They
define what is
encouraged, discouraged,
accepted nor rejected
within a group
(Groysberg, Lee, Price
& Cheng, 2018). In
post-pandemic digital
workplaces, the culture
is being redefined. Some
workplaces always
strived for ethics,
integrity, wellness,
creativity, diversity
& inclusion. These
values are now in high
demand from employees
and have become a factor
in company resignations.
Employees and investors
value integrity. Honest
brands are valued
(Schwates, 2021).
Employees want to belong
and be recognized for
accomplishments, while
being able to
accommodate family
obligations (Ramesh,
2021). Mike Prokopeak,
editor in chief of
Reworked, noted that in
the digital workplace,
the human element of
work is the most
important. “The
team we build, the
people we develop and
support, and the mission
we choose to pursue
together…It’s
the values we share, the
dreams we pursue
together, and the
quality of our
relationships that will
define whether or not we
succeed.” (Rodgers
& Nicastro, 2021,
Williams, 2021). In
other words, technology
will only get us so far.
The capacity to
collaborate is the
biggest predictor of a
remote team’s
success. Emotional
intelligence is needed:
who is best at what?
What else is important:
clearly defined
leadership,
communication,
coordination,
transparency, time
management and
responsiveness.
Emotional intelligence
is needed for effective
meetings (Moore, 2021)
and to navigate what is
needed for remote work.
Social skill and social
perceptiveness are
relevant too (Riedl,
Malone & Woolley
2021, Moore, 2021).
Leadership In the future
of work literature,
leadership needs to
understand that remote
and hybridized work is
here to stay and
requires a reframing:
work is not just hours
given. An
employee’s
engagement needs to be
meaningful, not rote. It
is important to shift to
valuing productivity
over longer days
(Ramesh, 2021). Leaders
need to challenge the
assumptions that
underlie facetime
(Stockpole, 2021), and
they need to respect
time outside work. There
must be mutual trust
that work will get done,
especially with flexible
hours. An idea: evaluate
work based on
productivity, not time
(Stewart, 2021, Rodgers
& Nicastro, 2021).
Leaders need to
understand that
creativity comes from
incubating and shifting
focus, so downtime is
equally important to
increasing productivity
(Nova, 2021). This shift
in thinking allows for
upward mobility despite
remote locations.
Leaders need to think
human centric and must
have the skills to
manage human differences
(Carr, 2021). Creating a
healthy and productive
workplace culture is
related to emotional
intelligence. Creating a
team of lifelong
learners who possess
self-leadership and
interpersonal engagement
is also key (Rodgers
& Nicastro, 2021).
Further, hybrid or
remote work must be
accessible to all,
whether it be equipment
for a home office,
training on technology,
or accessible child
care, especially for
women. Women end up
being responsible for
the majority of unpaid
work for child care,
home care or elder care
when working from home
(Youn, 2021, Hobson,
2021, Rooney, 2021). The
Gap and the Research As
was noted before, the
literature states that
the future of work is
here, stressing that key
high-level assumptions
are shifting. Actions
and attitudes need to
follow in response.
Technology is already at
the cutting-edge of many
of these trends.
Qualitative analysis
allows for a small
sample size to show
repeated themes. These
reveal new insight that
can only be found in
listening to experience
and deeper verbal
content versus a
question and answer-type
analysis. The simulation
began with a situation
each team would address
in their day-to-day
operations, somewhat
stressful, with some
time pressure. Then, at
the 30 minute mark, they
were thrown a curveball.
The new information in
the scenario
significantly increased
the pressure. Each team
had 1.5 hours to
approach and resolve the
situation together.
Then, each team had the
opportunity to debrief
and reflect on their
experience and their
individual performance.
Each section (the
initial scenario, the
curveball, and the
debrief) revealed
aspects about the team,
their communication,
their collaboration, and
their ability to
navigate remote work.
What became clear: the
less noise and more
creativity possible
through a seamless
ability to navigate
remote work, the more
capacity the
organization has to
pursue its goals. The
Results The results
reinforced, but also
went beyond the
literature. The
companies that solved
the scenario well
– understanding
instructions,
collectively and
efficiently coming up
with an approach and
response to the initial
scenario, approaching
the crisis in a clear,
calm way with an
integrated solution
– reinforced the
current literature about
remote work. The others
failed to come to a
solution. However, two
crucial themes also
emerged. The companies
that were able to solve
the scenario easily and
successfully had a very
clear internal culture
map , which is the
foundation for a very
clear external
relationship map .
“Culture is the
tacit social order of an
organization: It shapes
attitudes and behaviors
in wide-ranging and
durable ways. Cultural
norms define what is
encouraged, discouraged,
accepted, or rejected
within agroup. When
properly aligned with
personal values, drives,
and needs, culture can
unleash tremendous
amounts of energy toward
a shared purpose and
foster an
organization’s
capacity to
thrive”
(Groysberg, Lee, Price
& Cheng, 2018). When
culture is embedded
throughout the layers of
the organization with
behaviors, values,
processes and
operational actions and
strategy, a
“map” is
created for the
organization. It is a
silent language that
guides the journey,
leading to ways that
stakeholders, customers
and clients relate,
helping define the
experience from
beginning to end. The
responses to company
scenarios reflect that
the culture map (inward
facing) and the
relationship
map(external facing)
become a glue that helps
mitigate and manage
conflict in remote work,
communication and
relationships.
Specifically, as
reflected in the
literature, those
companies that expressed
emotional intelligence
(self-perception,
interpersonal skills,
problem-solving and
stress management
skills) allowed a
foundation for managing
day-to-day relationships
and approached crisis in
a consistent and more
efficient way that
helped the teams feel
connected and productive
while giving a general
sense of well-being.
Beyond the mission and
vision of a company,
companies that handled
the scenario most
successfully had
integrated and owned
their vision. They built
the culture map by
sharing the vision
collectively and
individually. It did not
exist just with a single
or few people. There was
a common sense of shared
values that existed from
a culture that engaged
its people in an ongoing
co-creation. While the
vision may have stemmed
from one person’s
idea, the culture was
now jointly held, at
least to the degree of
each person’s
role. When the role of
each team member was
very clear. Each person
knew each other’s
strengths and weaknesses
and how they fit
together. There was
clear camaraderie that
allowed them to
understand each other in
nuanced ways. There was
a shared understanding
of differences in
styles, culture, and
personalities and they
were able to manage time
zones and were
conversant with the
shared technology. The
companies that had
cultures that reflected
emotional intelligence
(self-perception,
interpersonal skills,
problem solving and
stress management
skills) also were able
to discuss vulnerability
(within themselves and
within their
organization), gaps,
ethics, relationships,
and manage stress in a
way that allowed these
perceived challenges to
become clear
opportunities to address
the gaps and problem
solve to create better
solutions or a better
process. Culture maps
defined roles and
processes. These were
often understood
processes for crisis in
communication, and clear
channels, including
platforms of technology,
for communication.
Rather than seeing them
as negative, stressful
situations were seen by
these companies as
another avenue to
implement a strategic
roadmap underpinned by
an embedded culture.
Creativity,
communication and
problem solving felt
“natural”.
The culture created
bonding, a sense of
shared values and trust,
which was crucial,
especially in a remote
work environment.
Leadership and
engagement existed at
all levels. The CEO took
a secondary seat,
inviting contribution
and collaboration,
waiting for synergy to
create itself. Each
member was equipped with
the knowledge of all
remote
platforms/interactive
technology used or
needed. Each participant
had a sense of logistics
and priorities that the
team needed to address
the scenario. The
culture and values being
held by each team member
allowed all voices to be
heard or to speak up,
all voices to challenge
and question and all
voices and contributions
valued. Each
person’s
personality, area of
expertise, and how their
part fit into the whole
was acknowledged. This
clarity of what the
cultural identity of the
company is and is not,
allowed most successful
companies a greater
sense of confidence.
Teams took time to
understand the scenario,
grasp its implications
for the team rather than
plunging forward. They
were able to assess the
challenge in the context
of who they were and
apply it to their vision
and culture to ensure
that their approach
matched who they were.
This internal culture
map led to a clear
external relationship
map. The companies that
had the most success
with the scenario were
able to look at the
customer/client and see
who they were and create
a clearer bridge to
addressing the
client’s needs and
expectations in a way
that was consistent with
their culture. They were
also able to assess if
the client/customer was
a fit and were ok with
losing a client if it
meant it was not a fit
for the culture. They
had a clear
understanding of the
experience they wanted
their customer to have
at each step with them
and wanted to understand
the impact of their
approach on that
experience. That
external relationship
map made it easier and
more efficient to find
solutions. In fact, it
provided a foundation
that allowed for more
creativity in solving
the crisis. At each
choice point, these two
maps: the
“internal culture
map” and the
“external
relationship map”
became the foundation
for decisions that
allowed flow, ease and
confidence. It created
space for
creativity,communication
and a deeper capacity to
analyze and solve the
situation at hand. The
fuzzier the internal
culture map the fuzzier
tackling the rest of the
scenario became. What
that means is that a
number of organizational
behaviors were affected
on a varying basis.
These included: an
understanding of
instructions, the roles
individuals played, how
they tackled the
problems, how the team
approached solutions,
how the team discussed
values, ethics, and
managed themselves and
each other. In companies
where the leader still
primarily held the
culture, the
conversation revolved
around pleasing or
supporting the
leader’s vision.
Dissent, challenge,
looking at gaps or
co-creation were less
visible. Valuing and
group dynamics were more
unidirectional rather
than collaborative and
were not directed
equally as members of
the team. Communication
didn’t have a
flow. It was more
haphazard. It took
longer. Ironically, it
required the leader to
take more time and space
to have to manage rather
than having it held with
the group. Gaps were
often overlooked or
there was inclination
toward false bravado,
relying on what worked,
rather than a serious
look at what
wasn’t working.
Without a clear culture
map, it was also more
difficult to test the
gaps against where the
company’s stated
vision and culture and
values indicated they
wanted to be. There
wasn’t as much
confidence that allowed
each person to
contribute. They
weren’t as able to
see the client/customer
needs and bridge to
them. The less emotional
intelligence and
maturity within the
team, the less insight
they had about the
process itself and its
impact on creating
solutions. The scenario
highlighted that the
clearer a
company’s internal
culture map and the
clearer their external
relationship map, the
clearer the roles of
each member were.
Synergy existed and
leadership was held
within the whole team.
Processes existed and
unfolded more
efficiently. The clearer
the external
relationship map, the
better the understanding
of the customer/client
and the more they were
able to execute their
strategy to meet the
experience they wanted
the customer/client to
have. Companies that
valued emotional
intelligence expressed
more confidence and
better communication.
There was a sense of
belonging, valuing and
trust within the team.
The internal culture map
and external
relationship map bridged
the gap of remote work
to create better
cohesion and symmetry
within teams. These
initial qualitative
findings indicate the
relationship between
clear culture maps and
internal and external
relationships. Maps
impact the ability to
deliver strategy. They
also create ease in
remote work
environments, especially
in the tech industry.
Further research would
be required both
qualitatively and
quantitatively to
further validate these
findings. In conclusion,
the implication for
venture capital
funds’ portfolio
companies: startups that
have clear internal and
external culture maps
embedded by top
leadership can handle
stress, crisis and the
uncertainty. They are
more efficient,
productive, innovative
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